The article discusses the draft amendments proposed to be introduced into the Federal Law of November 21, 2011 No. 323-FZ “On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter referred to as the Law on Protecting the Health of Citizens) and the Law of the Russian Federation of 02/07/1992 No. 2300-1 “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” (hereinafter referred to as the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights), which proposes to separate the concepts of “medical service” and “medical care”.
The author identifies the general problem of the lack of separation of the two concepts. The law enforcement practice and problems of extending the provisions of the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights to paid medical services and free medical care are analyzed. The contradictory and formal approach of law enforcement agencies when qualifying the actions of doctors accused of committing crimes, and the courts when making decisions in civil cases is shown. The social significance of the medical care provided to citizens is emphasized.
Conclusion. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that it is possible to amend the current legislation in order to stop the extension of the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights to free medical care, eliminate the formal approach of courts and law enforcement agencies in resolving civil and criminal disputes and qualify the actions of doctors accused of committing crimes, as well as in order to create uniformity in judicial practice.

Keywords: medical service, medical care