Передовая статья – Всемирный День почки-2018 Что мы знаем и чего не знаем о заболеваниях почек у женщин; вопросы без ответов и ответы на незаданные вопросы: размышления по поводу Всемирного Дня почки и Международного женского дня


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/nephrology.2018.1.8-19

Д.Б. Пикколи, Мона Альрухами, Жи-Хонг Лиу, Е.В. Захарова, Адера Левин

1 Отдел клинических и биологических наук, Туринский университет; Италия; 2 Отделение нефрологии, Госпитальный центр Ле-Ман; Ле-Ман, Франция; 3 Отдел медицины, Медицинский колледж Дубай; Дубай, Объединенные Арабские Эмираты; 4 Национальный центр клинических исследований заболеваний почек, госпиталь Джинлинг, Медицинская школа Нанкинского университета; Нанкин, Китай; 5 Отделение нефрологии, Городская клиническая больница им. С.П. Боткина; Москва, Россия; 6 Кафедра нефрологии, Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова; Москва, Россия; 7 Кафедра нефрологии, Российская медицинская академия непрерывного последипломного образования; Москва, Россия; 8 Отдел медицины, отделение нефрологии, Университет Британской Колумбии; Ванкувер, Британская Колумбия, Канада
Около 10% взрослого населения планеты страдают хронической болезнью почек, которая входит в список 20 основных причин смерти во всем мире и ведет к пагубным последствиям как для самих пациентов, так и для членов их семей. Всемирный День почки в 2018 г. совпадает с Международным женским днем, что дает нам повод задуматься об особой важности состояния здоровья женщин, особенно о «почечном здоровье», для ныне живущей популяции и для будущих поколений. Нам представляется не только уникальная возможность узнать как можно больше об особенностях заболеваний почек у женщин, но и шире использовать полученные знания.
Женщины, девушки и девочки в целом составляют примерно 50% населения мира и вносят огромный вклад в жизнь общества, не говоря уж о важнейшей роли в семейной жизни. Вместе с тем гендерные различия в доступе к образованию, медицинской помощи и участию в клинических исследованиях все еще существуют практически повсеместно. Беременность, представляющая особую нагрузку на организм женщины и нередко становившаяся поводом для выявления уже существующих заболеваний почек, может также приводить к манифестации острых и хронических почечных заболеваний, которые в свою очередь могут сказываться на потомстве, в т.ч. и на состоянии почек. Многие аутоиммунные и другие заболевания чаще развиваются у женщин, чем у мужчин, и неблагоприятно сказываются на способности к деторождению и на состоянии плода. Осложнения диализа у женщин отличаются от таковых у мужчин, кроме того, женщины с большей вероятностью оказываются донорами, нежели чем реципиентами почечного трансплантата.
В этой передовой статье мы сконцентрировали внимание на том, что мы знаем и чего мы не знаем о «почечном здоровье» и заболеваниях почек у женщин, и на том, что мы можем и должны узнать в будущем для улучшения исходов заболеваний почек во всем мире.

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Об авторах / Для корреспонденции


Автор для связи:
А. Левин – отдел медицины, отделение нефрологии, Университет Британской Колумбии, Ванкувер, Британская Колумбия, Канада.
E-mail: alevin@providencehealth.bc.ca


Бионика Медиа